Theoretical Background and Rationale

Habitually discussed in the context of psychedelic therapy, the relevance of extra-pharmacological factors (set and setting) to determining the outcomes of non-psychedelic psychiatric interventions receives strong support in the literature. Unfortunately, little empirical research exists on the subject. This pioneering study investigated the potential of using non-pharmacological interventions to improve the outcomes of psychiatric care.

Research Question and Hypothesis

The research examined whether patients prescribed psychiatric medication would derive benefit from employing set and setting measures pioneered within the context of psychedelic therapy, hypothesizing that such measures may lead to an increase in safety, efficacy, and satisfaction, and reduced habituation.

Methods and Analysis

110 participants (patients prescribed psychiatric medication) participated in workshops focused on 1) Relaxation (Anxiolytics) [n=70] 2) Focus (Stimulant ADHD Medication) [n=40].  Workshops included a) an educational part designed to increase participants' understanding of their conditions and medications b) an experiential part that included the guided, mindful ingestion of medication in a carefully designed, supportive setting. Following the workshops participants answered a survey questionnaire and participated in semi-structured interviews.

Main Findings

Survey questionnaires indicated a significant improvement in participants' understanding of their medical conditions and prescribed medication. Semi-structured interviews demonstrated a strong interest in the concept of mindful ingestion, benefit from the communal setting, and recurring themes of greater satisfaction and improved benefits. 

Conclusion

The results of this pilot study demonstrate the potential of providing patients with extra-pharmacological tools to improve the outcomes of prescription drug use and support the need for further study.